Uma ukhuluma ngenjini nokusebenza kwayo, kunezinto ezimbalwa ezifikayo emqondweni - amapiston, amasilinda, ama-camshaft nama-turbocharger ukubala ezimbalwa.Nokho, kunengxenye eyodwa ebalulekile evame ukunganakwa kodwa edlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni injini yakho isebenza kahle futhi yandise ukuphuma kwamandla: iziphethu zevalvu.Kulesi sihloko, singena emhlabeni wama-valve springs, sidingida umsebenzi wawo, izinhlobo, nokubaluleka ekusebenzeni kwenjini kukonke.
Ukuze uqonde ukubaluleka kweziphethu ze-valve, kufanele uqale uqonde umsebenzi wazo enjinini yangaphakathi evuthayo.Ama-valve spring ahlala phakathi kwekhanda le-cylinder nama-valve futhi anomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-valve enjini avale kahle ngemva komjikelezo ngamunye wokudonsa nokukhipha umoya.Zisebenza njengemithombo yemishini, zisebenzisa amandla ku-valve, okwenza ukuthi ivuleke futhi ivaleke ngesikhathi esifanele.
Omunye wemisebenzi eyinhloko yama-valve springs ukugcina ukucindezela okuqhubekayo kuma-valve.Lokhu kucindezela kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe uphawu olufanele phakathi kwe-valve nesihlalo, ukuvimbela amagesi avuthayo ukuba angabaleki.Ngaphandle kokucindezela okwanele kwentwasahlobo, i-valve ingase ingavali ngokuphelele, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kokucindezela, ukunciphisa amandla, kanye nokulimala okungenzeka kwenjini.Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziphethu ze-valve zisiza ukumunca ukushaqeka nokudlidliza okubangelwa isitimela se-valve, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwenjini.
Iziphethu zamavalvu ziza ngezinhlobonhlobo zomumo nemiklamo ukuze zivumelane nezinhlelo zokusebenza zenjini ezahlukene.Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa iziphethu zamakhoyili, iziphethu eziphindwe kabili, iziphethu zezinyosi, neziphethu zekhoyili.Iziphethu zekhoyili, njengoba negama liphakamisa, ziyiziphethu ze-helical ezinikeza ukuqina okukhethekile futhi zinikeze ingcindezi engaguquki kuyo yonke impilo yabo yenkonzo.Iziphethu ezikabili, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zihlanganisa iziphethu ezimbili ezigxile, lapho isiphethu sangaphandle sisekela isiphethu sangaphakathi, ngaleyo ndlela sithuthukisa ukuqina kwamavalvu ngesivinini esiphezulu senjini.
Iziphethu zezinyosi zibonakala ngokuma kwazo okufana nesidleke sezinyosi.Lezi ziqongo zasentwasahlobo zinobubanzi obukhulu, okusiza ukunciphisa isisindo sonke se-valvetrain.Umklamo wayo oyingqayizivele uvumela ukulawula okungcono kwama-valve kanye nesivinini esiphezulu senjini.Imithombo ye-cone, njengoba negama liphakamisa, inomumo ofana nekhoni enomkhawulo owodwa omncane kunomunye.Lo mklamo usiza ukusabalalisa ukucindezeleka ngokulinganayo entwasahlobo, ukuqinisekisa ukuphila isikhathi eside nokusebenza.
Nakuba ama-valve spring anele izimo zokushayela ezivamile, abathanda ukusebenza bavame ukukhetha ama-valve springs e-aftermarket ukuze bathuthukise ukusebenza kwezinjini zabo.Iziphethu zamavalvu ezithuthukisiwe zinikeza izinga eliphezulu lentwasahlobo ngesivinini esiphezulu senjini ngaphandle kokuntanta kwamavalvu.Ukuntanta kwama-valve kwenzeka lapho iziphethu zingakwazi ukuhambisana ne-camshaft ephenduka ngokushesha, okubangela ukuba ama-valve ashaye ama-piston, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kwenjini eyinhlekelele.
Iziphethu zamavalvu ezithuthukisiwe ziphinde zithuthukise ukuzinza kwama-valve, ikakhulukazi ezinjinini ezinama-camshaft anolaka kanye nokuphakama okuphezulu.Umfutho wentwasahlobo owengeziwe usiza ekugcineni ukulawulwa kwe-valve efanele futhi kunciphisa ithuba lokugxuma kwe-valve - isimo lapho i-valve ingavaleki ngokugcwele ngenxa yesivinini esiphezulu senjini.Ngokulawula okungcono kanye nokugxuma kwe-valve okuncane, injini ingakhiqiza amandla engeziwe kanye ne-torque kulo lonke uhla lwe-rev.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukukhethwa kwemithombo ye-valve kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokucophelela ngokuvumelana nezidingo ezithile zenjini.Izinto ezifana nephrofayili ye-camshaft, ukusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe (ukushayela emgwaqeni noma umjaho) kanye nokuphuma kwamandla adingekayo kufanele kucatshangelwe.Ukufaka ama-valve springs anesilinganiso sentwasahlobo esiphezulu kakhulu kungabangela ukugqoka ngaphambi kwesikhathi ezingxenyeni zesitimela se-valve, kuyilapho ukusebenzisa iziphethu eziphansi kakhulu kungabangela ukuntanta kwe-valve futhi kuthinte ukusebenza.
Ukuhlolwa njalo nokugcinwa kwama-valve springs nakho kubalulekile empilweni yenjini nokuthembeka.Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-valve springs angakhathala, alahlekelwe ukungezwani nokusebenza kahle.Kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe iziphethu ze-valve ngezikhathi ezithile noma lapho izimpawu zokuguga noma ukulimala zibonakala.Ukwengeza, ukuqinisekisa ukugcotshwa okufanele kwezingxenye zesitimela sama-valve kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ukungqubuzana nokukhiqizwa kokushisa, ngaleyo ndlela andise impilo yonke yeziphethu zamavalvu.
Sengiphetha, nakuba iziphethu ze-valve zingase zingakutholi ukunakwa nokuqashelwa okufanayo njengezinye izingxenye zenjini, indima yazo ekusebenzeni kwenjini ayikwazi ukubukelwa phansi.Iziphethu zamavalvu zidlala indima ebalulekile ekwandiseni amandla okukhipha amandla kanye nokugcina ukuqina kwenjini njengabaqaphi bokulawulwa kwamavalvu nokuqinisekisa ukuvaleka okufanele.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngamadizayini ahlukahlukene noma ikhono lawo lokusingatha amazinga anyukile entwasahlobo, ama-valve springs enza umnikelo obalulekile ekusebenzeni kukonke kwenjini.Ngakho-ke ngokuzayo lapho ubuka injini esebenza kahle kakhulu, khumbula amaqhawe angaculwa asebenza kanzima ngemuva, ama-valve springs.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-19-2023